ECOBRAKE: "Mechanical Braking Device – Millennium Challenge"

Braking device operating without rubbing parts, dry sliding friction,
and brake pads has been created for the first time
in the world for the purpose to slow down a vehicle.
It is patented and translated to the national phase in 50 countries.
ATTENTION
SIGNIFICANT NOTICE FOR WORLD CITIZENS, ENVIRONMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS AND LEADERS OF STATES
People invent vehicles: from horse-drawn vehicles to modern and high-speed cars needed to be set in motion, accelerate, slow down and stop for their convenience.
New ambitious technology of braking mechanism without brake pads and dry sliding friction, based on the invention PCT/GE2021/000002 capable to be used on vehicles, in machinery, equipment, and power plants as well, aimed at environmental improvement of living beings/society and their habitat is presented.
It’s hard to believe in new design of mechanical braking without pads, dry sliding friction, because such a Model has been firmly «entrenched» in people’s heads since ancient times. Particularly difficult to change our established beliefs since ancient times by asking the pessimistic question: «How can the brakes work without pads «??
We remind those who have carefully observed the behavior of animals/humans when braking that when movement slow down, the sliding is exactly detrimental!!!
Researches and Analysis of observations of living natural objects over 19 years are led us to new significant feature that solves technical problem of slowing down moving objects without dry sliding friction, and without brake pads.
Signs of braking/slowing down of moving objects.
Living objects
Like vehicles like the living organisms have two states: movement and rest. Living objects of Nature do not use friction when slowing down, and upon transition to state of rest. The use of sliding friction would be detrimental to all living beings including human! Sliding leads to loss of orientation of animals; they may fall or continue to skid or collide with other objects and be injured. In order to slow down movement, muscle mass contracts behave like elastic componentry in animals creating sufficient resistance for massive animal movement depending on its speed, weight and final destination. All the force is transferred to leg limbs creating reaction force on road surface. In this case, the contact zone of animal’s limbs and road surface is subject to load, where the vector of the load/force is directed to the movement of animal. This leads to the sliding of above-mentioned limbs along road surface. In order to prevent slipping to slow down movement and transition to a state of rest the feline animals are equipped with claws in their leg limbs and paws, and because of lack of such claws to slow down movement and transition to a state of rest in horses the horseshoes are placed on their leg limbs so that their hooves do not slip. Leg limbs of all animals through lubrication and rolling friction can be oriented in the direction that is optimal for the animal, in particular, in the area of interaction with the road surface. The horseshoe is especially effective in rainy weather. The claws preventing slipping play role of horseshoe in felines. And when they slow down/stop the movement, they do not slide along the surface of earth, but come to a state of rest!!! on the road surface due to the clutch of their claws.

TWO SIGNIFICANT/MAIN SIGNS OF INHIBITION IN ANIMALS.
The signs of inhibition appear and act at functional connection, interaction and other organs of animals.
1. ANIMAL MUSCLES USE CHARACTERISTIC INHERENT TO ELASTIC COMPONENTRY AT SLOWING DOWN THE MOVEMENT. (I sign)
2. THE FEATURE INHERENT OF ROLLING SUPPORT IS USED TO REALIZE THE DEGREE OF FREEDOM OF ANIMALS LEGS AND ORIENTATION THEREIN CONTACT. (II sign)
ATTENTION: TWO SIGNS INHERENT IN THE ELASTIC COMPONENTRY AND ROLLING SUPPORT ARE INVOLVED IN ANIMALS AT BRAKING.
Mechanical objects.
Over this entire long period, the problems of dynamism, maneuverability and speed characteristics of vehicles were improved and positively solved, but the problem of braking/slowing/stopping of vehicle are remained without any significant improvements.
The sign of vehicle braking is based on dry sliding friction
Relevance of braking problem. Oxford, March 6, 2020: Pollution from tire wear and brake wear can be 1,000 times worse than car exhaust, according to the UK’s “Emissions Analytics”. There are about three billion vehicles in the world and at least $100,000,000,000 is spent on purchasing brake pads per year. At the same time, these pads annually release millions of tons of harmful dust into the environment – copper, vanadium, including arsenic, tin and antimony, copper and iron, as well as ceramics and asbestos causing liver and lung cancer. This mineral is banned in 63 countries around the world. According to scientists from King’s College London, «… brake dust affects the human immune system.
As a result, the risk of lung infections seriously increases… » Mostly it causes liver and lung cancers. Moreover, this pollution from automobiles cannot be fully regulated unlike exhaust emissions. Around the world, 9 from 10 people breathe air with high concentration of pollutants… Each year it claims 7 million lives.
Harmful particles from tires and brake pads and rotors, as well, are very serious and growing environmental problem. The complete helplessness of scientific researchers on one hand, and ineffective attempts of inventors and designers on another hand to solve the problem of emissions from brake pads while maintaining previous Model based on dry sliding friction. Nick Malden – CEO of Emissions Analytics said: «The problem facing the industry and regulators is almost complete black hole.»
LIST OF PROBLEMS AND ATTEMPTS TO SOLUTION THEM.
1. Pollution from tire wear is not regulated unlike tailpipe emissions, that car manufacturers are rapidly reducing thanks to pressure placed on them by European emissions standards. New cars currently emit very little particulate matter, but there is growing concern about «non-tailpipe emissions».
2. Oxford, March 6, 2020. Pollution from tire wear can be 1,000 times worse than combustion engine vehicle exhaust, according to Emissions Analytics.
3. Richard Lofthouse – Senior Research Fellow of Emissions Analytics said: «It’s time to think not only about what comes out of car’s tailpipe, but particulate pollution from tire and brake wear. »
4. We drove the car along the road and then measured the level of harmful emissions. It turned out that over one kilometer of travel it emits 5.8 grams of harmful componentry – this 1289 times more than emissions from typical modern engine emitting about 4.5 milligrams of CO2, per kilometer.
5. Main percentage of dust composition was vanadium, ceramics and asbestos, including arsenic, tin and antimony, copper and iron.
6. Brake dust affects human immune system. As a result, the risk of lung infections seriously increases according to words of scientists from King’s College London. Mostly it causes liver and lung cancer.
7. There is no legislation limiting or reducing brake-related particulate matter, but exists major air quality concern with air quality index PM2.5 (particulate matter).
8. The majority is now thought to be primary particulate matter from road transport, with 60 % of PM2.5 and 73 % of PM10 — and in the report of 2019. The UK Government’s Air Quality Expert Group (AQEG) ‘Non-Exhaust Emissions from Road Traffic’ recommended that airborne particulate matter be immediately recognized as a source of airborne particulate matter, even for zero-particle-emitting vehicles, such as electric vehicles.
9. Installation of better tires in short term is one way to reduce emissions of those particles, mentioned above, by always having your tires inflated to the correct level.
10. Arrangement of only high quality tires and decreasing of vehicle weight are ways to reduce «non-exhaust emissions» (?).
11. However, eventually auto-industry is capable to find ways to decrease vehicle weight, how? After all, in this case it is necessary to change many essential characteristics of car massive parts – internal combustion engine, automatic gearbox, car frame by making therewith lightweight, expensive composite materials. This is partly not economically profitable and partly impossible. Whether this leads to certain types of low emissions or more durable tires, but such changes are necessary in accordance of scientists’ opinion.
12. Nick Molden – the CEO of company Emissions Analytics said: «The problem facing the industry and regulators – is almost complete black hole. »
Solving of braking problem
Long-term observation of actions of living organisms, and functional connection of their organs, as well as their cyclical interaction during slowing down of movements allow us to identify essential feature that is responsible for the process of slowing down their movement. This gives us opportunity to develop braking device with significantly new feature, thanks to it the braking occurs without harsh sliding friction.
We are presented the claims: «Braking device for slowing down a vehicle»
CLAIMS
A braking device for slowing vehicle movement, comprising a brake disc affixed to the wheel axle, and a housing with transverse guides affixed to a support hub, at least one slide installed in a support hub with a braking element for interacting with the brake disc, wherein the braking element is designed as a roller bearing enclosing the brake disk, and on the brake disk radially oriented springy elements are affixed, the other ends of which with a running clearance or without a clearance adjoin the inner surface of the inner ring of the said roller bearing.
In accordance of the claims it is clear that to slow down moving object in animals, elastic componentry, and rolling bearing are used, similarly the animals use elastic muscles when braking to create a resistance force, as well as rolling support, providing the necessary optimal mobility of leg limbs.
Our braking device has no dry sliding friction like animals.
-There are no rubbing parts in this mechanical braking device, since it is based on Attribute inherent in objects of living Nature.
-Instead of brake pads and brake disc, elastic component and rolling bearing are used at braking a car.
-Braking component for interacting with brake disc is made in the form of rolling bearing enclosing brake disc, and radially oriented elastic componentry are fixed to brake disc, the other ends whereof with or without running clearance are adjacent to inner surface of inner ring of said rolling bearing.
-The interaction of elastic componentry with one bearing ring allows you to slow down the vehicle to given speed, and stop it with given negative acceleration without using the ABS system, as well as automatically stabilize vehicle speed that is important at its moving along inclined surface or descending of mountain.
We have developed and tested frictionless dry sliding brakes without pads over the course of 19 years, and now we have created the design of new braking device and repeatedly tested its working model working without brake pads and discs. There is no dry sliding friction therein, it is replaced by static and rolling frictions inherent in living objects of Nature. Braking device (TU) works without brake pads and discs when slowing down the speed of vehicle. It works quietly – without noise, smoothly – without jerking, cleanly – without dust, without harming the environment and human, and like living objects it is safe, and the service life is 10 times longer than of conventional brake mechanism. Braking Device High-speed racing cars such as Formula 1 can race without changing brake mechanism with a mileage that is ten times greater.
Advantages of our Braking Device.
1. OUR BRAKE DEVICE CAN OPERATE IN DELAY MODE OVER WIDE SPEED RANGE AND PARKING BRAKE MODE.
2. WE HAVE NO EMISSIONS/DUST EMISSIONS/NOISE OR CRACKING, AND WE HAVE BRAKE LIFE DESIGNED FOR MILLIONS OF KILOMETERS.
3. THE PROBLEM OF DURABILITY, RELIABILITY AND SAFETY IS SOLVED.
4. BRAKE DISC IS NOT SUBJECT TO HEAT. THERE IS NO SIGNIFICANT HEATING OF DEVICE THAT NEGATIVELY AFFECTS ITS PARTS AND BRAKING EFFICIENCY.
5. AT SLOWING DOWN THE DISC DOES NOT LOCK OR BRAKE STICK. NO ABC SYSTEM.
6. RAINY WEATHER, PODS, HUMIDITY DO NOT NEGATIVELY AFFECT BRAKING PROCESS, ON THE CONTRARY, THE PRESENCE OF LIQUID IMPROVES ITS PERFORMANCE. THE DEVICE CAN BE SEALED AND OPERATE IN OIL EFFICIENTLY, DURABLE, WITHOUT SINGLE MOT OF DUST, SMOOTHLY AND WITHOUT NOISE.
7. UNIFORMITY OF BRAKING IS ACHIEVED ON ALL WHEELS AT THE SAME TIME. DISK LOCKING RELATES TO THE NUMBER OF UNCONTROLLED PROCESSES, WHEN DISK SLOW DOWN, AND YOU MUST BE ADJUSTABLE. THIS IS WHAT WE ACHIEVE THANKS TO THE APPLICATION OF OUR BRAKE DEVICE ENSURING THE SAFETY OF THE VEHICLE MENTIONED ABOVE.
8. OVERALL DIMENSIONS OF DEVICE ARE 1.5-2 TIMES SMALLER THAN THE DIMENSIONS OF TRADITIONAL BRAKE MECHANISM, WHICH INCLUDES BRAKE DISC AND PADS TOGETHER WITH A CALIPER. THE DIAMETER OF DISC THAT RECEIVES THE FORCE OF RESISTANCE IS 2-3 TIMES LESS.
9. IT IS POSSIBLE TO ADJUST THE DEGREE OF DISC SLOWLING IN WIDE RANGE OF SPEEDS WITHOUT BLOCKING BRAKE DISC, ALLOWING YOU TO ADJUST DISC SLOWLING PROCESS, AND ALSO AUTOMATE ENTIRE BRAKING PROCESS.
What does the ECOBRAKE give to Society!
1. Billions of dollars are spent on the development of effective pads with no significant return around the world, annually. In just one of dozens of scientific centers of Italian company Brembo, so called «Red Kilometer» employing 500 scientists and specialists, and 130 million Euros are spent on the research and development of brake pads and brake discs, annually.
https://www.google.com/searchbih=590&biw=898&rlz=1C1CHBD_ruGE896GE896&hl=ru&sxsrf=ALeKk02QBvVVpY7y5jboKuw8quXWCZlP8Q%3A1615213035994&ei=6zFGYJuKPOfzqwH_0pm4Bg&q=brembo+%D0%93%D0%9E%D0%94%D0%9E%D0%92%D0%9E%D0%99+%D0%9E%D0%91%D0%9E%D0%A0%D0%9E%D0%A2&oq=brembo+%D0%93%D0%9E%D0%94%D0%9E%D0%92%D0%9E%D0%99+%D0%9E%D0%91%D0%9E%D0%A0%D0%9E%D0%A2&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAw6BggAEBYQHjoICAAQFhAKEB46BQghEKABOgkIIRAKEKABECo6BwghEAoQoAFQ5IEBWP6nAWDsuwFoAHACeACAAeUBiAH6E5IBBjAuMTQuMZgBAKABAaoBB2d3cy13aXrAAQE&sclient=gws-
Brake pads are improved and they are tested not only on our own stands for simulating operating conditions of brake systems, but also on our own test tracks. A case in point: 40 specially equipped vehicles cover more than 3 million km – and this includes mountain and high-speed «exams», per year. As a result, one pad accounts up to 1000 bench hours and 300 thousand test kilometers. And this is equivalent to eight trips around the world! Friction mixture consisting of 25 different ingredients is used at production process of brake linings. In total, the company uses more than 250 specially created unique friction mixtures. In our case physical testing of improved braking device takes much less time, and it is beneficial in both: as in time, as economically!
2. According to new data of the World Health Organization (WHO) May 2, 2018 «… Air pollution levels remain dangerously high in many regions of planet. 9 out of 10 people breathe the air with high concentrations of pollutants… Each year it claims 7 million lives». With the implementation of our Brake Project the people will increasingly breathe clean air. Our braking device does not harm the environment and human, and works cleanly – without dust. Moreover, it is safe and has service life of, at least, 10 times longer than conventional brake pads. Works quietly – without noise, smoothly – without jerking.
3. It is possible to solve the problem of environmental pollution only partially since these electric vehicles retain «Non-exhaust emissions» from brake pads and tires by introducing electric vehicles without exhaust gases. We can create an environmentally friendly electric car without harmful emissions into the environment by solving the problem of brake pad emissions by using our device with our technology.
4. SAVING PEOPLE AND ENVIRONMENT.
— We eliminate emissions of harmful dust from brake pads.
— We save people and entire environment from pollution.
— We prevent the release of harmful substances from brake pads into the atmosphere, millions of tons — … vanadium, copper, asbestos, which causes cancer.
— We prevent death and save most of lives of 7 million people who die from air with high concentrations of pollutants.
— We save grass, forests, meadows and pastures from harm.
— We save cats and dogs, microorganisms, biocenosis, flora and fauna.
— We thereby save cows from consuming contaminated grass and hay by saving grass from pollutants. Then our children will be healthy, consuming pure milk and dairy products made from it. Our children will not get sick and die from CANCER.
— We save children from cancer — liver and lung CANCERS.
We do not attract global companies working on braking systems yet, since most of them are interested in profit only rather than in protecting the environment. We are independent from such companies and therefore our technological activities are fully consistent with the interests of society and environment. As known, scientists e.g. scientists from King’s College London and British scientists from environmental protection agency «Emissions Analytics», and ecologists — the World Organization «Greenpeace», «SAICM» are engaged in protecting the environment, studying emissions and studying the harm therefrom. «United Nations Environmental Program — UNEP», «World Wildlife Fund, WWF», etc., as well as the European Union.
We will cooperate with these organizations in the field of environmental protection so that they make every effort to prevent the use of brake pads and brake discs in vehicles emitting millions of tons of harmful dust every year, by offering harmless braking device for use. We believe that the EU following the ideology of environmental protection, should make a decision on legislative level obliging EU countries to abandon the use of componentry that operate on dry sliding friction — brake pads, brake discs, in vehicles.
We believe that the EU following the ideology of environmental protection must make a decision on legislative level obliging EU countries to abandon the use of componentry in vehicles, that operate on dry sliding friction – brake pads and discs.
Results achieved.
The invention has been transferred to national phase in 50 countries.
— «Braking Device for Slowing Down Vehicle» has been developed and patented.
— Utility Model Patent (valid for 10 years): No. 20 2021 104 838, issued on 09.22.2021 by German Patent and Trademark Office.
— Patent for Invention (valid for 20 years) No. P 2021 7315 B, issued on 01.11.2021 by the LEPL Intellectual Property Center of Georgia SAKPATENTI.
— EAPO patent No. 046347 (8 countries)
— Conclusion PCTGE2021000002. Positive conclusion of the examination of the international search authority on: “novelty”, “inventive step” and industrial applicability.
— published WO2022049404, EP 4 212 754 A1 — 29 countries, USA, China and India.
— Positive conclusion from the Georgian National Academy of Science.
— Research work was carried out; The design of device has been developed; special design work was carried out; the components and parts of the device were tested;
— Three tests were executed by testing experimental prototype of industrial brake device and its viability, efficiency, environmental friendliness, safety, and ability to seal the device and its operation in oil were proven… Braking devices were manufactured and tested: Model; Prototype and Sample in the appendix ACT for testing the sample (factory).

Braking device can be effectively used:
— on vehicles (brake mechanisms, propulsion drives — retarder/intarder) to slow down and stop their progress: bicycles, motorcycles, cars, trucks and buses, trains and airplanes;
— in machine mechanisms and on machinery, for example, on lathes and milling machines to slow down and stop rotating shafts (LIFTS/WINCHES, CRANES, ELEVATORS, ROPES, MACHINES, INCLUDING HIGH PRECISION COMPUTER NUMERICAL CONTROL (CNC));
— on power plants (motors, hydraulic units, wind generators), in particular, on hydroelectric power plants in hydraulic turbines, and wind power plants to slow down rotating shafts and blades, ensuring their safety, uninterrupted operation and significantly reducing costs.
Currently, two levels have been achieved in the development of technology – environmental and economical, and the issue of device interchangeability has also been resolved.

CHAIRMAN OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL COUNCIL «GREEN CAUCASUS»,
Author/Patent owner,
CEO Modern Technologies LLC,
Ramzan Goytemirov.
E-mail: r.goytemirov@gmail.com
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